{"id":17223,"date":"2023-01-30T17:16:03","date_gmt":"2023-01-30T22:16:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/devnawl.nawl.ca\/?p=17223"},"modified":"2023-03-31T17:38:34","modified_gmt":"2023-03-31T21:38:34","slug":"lanfd-soppose-au-blame-des-victimes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nawl.ca\/fr\/lanfd-soppose-au-blame-des-victimes\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019ANFD s\u2019oppose au bl\u00e2me des victimes"},"content":{"rendered":"

Les m\u00e8res qui ont subi des violences conjugales sont souvent accus\u00e9es d\u2019\u00eatre \u00ab\u202fali\u00e9nantes\u202f\u00bb devant les tribunaux de la famille. <\/span>En d\u00e9cembre 2022, l\u2019Association nationale Femmes et Droit a soumis un m\u00e9moire au Haut-Commissariat des Nations Unies aux droits de l\u2019homme pour lutter contre ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne. Vingt-huit organisations canadiennes ont appuy\u00e9 notre soumission!<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Quel est le probl\u00e8me avec les accusations d’ali\u00e9nation parentale?<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n

La \u00ab\u202fth\u00e9orie de l’ali\u00e9nation parentale\u202f\u00bb fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 la croyance selon laquelle, lorsqu’un\u00b7e enfant ne veut pas voir son p\u00e8re, c’est parce qu’il ou elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 influenc\u00e9\u00b7e par sa m\u00e8re. Ce syst\u00e8me de croyances, qui n\u2019a aucun fondement scientifique, est de plus en plus utilis\u00e9 pour punir les m\u00e8res consid\u00e9r\u00e9es comme \u00ab\u202fhostiles\u202f\u00bb ou \u00ab\u202francuni\u00e8res\u202f\u00bb, ou qui s’opposent aux contacts entre l’enfant et le p\u00e8re. Les recherches montrent que, bien que l’\u00ab\u202f<\/span>ali\u00e9nation parentale \u00bb <\/span>se pr\u00e9sente comme une th\u00e9orie non genr\u00e9e, c’est plus souvent les m\u00e8res, et particuli\u00e8rement les victimes de violence conjugale, qui sont consid\u00e9r\u00e9es comme ali\u00e9nantes. En effet, une m\u00e8re qui d\u00e9nonce des violences familiales, qui demande \u00e0 avoir la garde de l\u2019enfant, ou qui exprime des inqui\u00e9tudes sur la capacit\u00e9 parentale du p\u00e8re est souvent suspect\u00e9e d’ali\u00e9nation, m\u00eame si elle n’a rien fait pour d\u00e9nigrer le p\u00e8re. Ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne est particuli\u00e8rement pr\u00e9occupant pour l\u2019ANFD parce qu\u2019<\/span>il peut dissuader des victimes de d\u00e9noncer des violences familiales<\/span><\/b>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

La logique de l\u2019\u00ab\u202fali\u00e9nation parentale\u202f\u00bb conduit au bl\u00e2me des victimes: les victimes de violences conjugales sont responsabilis\u00e9es pour la violence du p\u00e8re ou pour ses cons\u00e9quences. Un constat d\u2019\u00ab\u202fali\u00e9nation parentale\u202f\u00bb peut amener les tribunaux \u00e0 confier des enfants \u00e0 des p\u00e8res violents, m\u00eame lorsque des violences conjugales sont prouv\u00e9es ou admises par le p\u00e8re! Le pr\u00e9suppos\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me judiciaire selon laquelle les m\u00e8res devraient \u00eatre responsables de la qualit\u00e9 du lien p\u00e8re-enfant place les victimes de violence entre l\u2019arbre et l\u2019\u00e9corce \u00e0 plusieurs niveaux:<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Si l’enfant a peur du p\u00e8re ou le rejette, la m\u00e8re est suspect\u00e9e d’hostilit\u00e9 ou d’ali\u00e9nation. Si l’enfant aime le p\u00e8re, on reproche \u00e0 la m\u00e8re de demander la r\u00e9duction des contacts avec le p\u00e8re malgr\u00e9 une relation p\u00e8re-enfant positive. <\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. Si la m\u00e8re n\u2019accorde pas volontairement plus de temps parental au p\u00e8re, elle est consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme intransigeante et ali\u00e9nante. Si la m\u00e8re accorde volontairement plus de temps parental au p\u00e8re, ses pr\u00e9occupations quant \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de l\u2019enfant sont consid\u00e9r\u00e9es comme exag\u00e9r\u00e9es (elle risque \u00e9galement d’\u00eatre bl\u00e2m\u00e9e par les services de protection de la jeunesse pour avoir \u00e9chou\u00e9 \u00e0 prot\u00e9ger l’enfant si le p\u00e8re commet des violences \u00e0 son \u00e9gard). <\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. Si la m\u00e8re ne fait pas tout son possible pour favoriser une relation p\u00e8re-enfant positive (qui peut n\u2019avoir m\u00eame pas exist\u00e9 avant la s\u00e9paration), on lui reproche de ne pas prioriser la relation p\u00e8re-enfant. Si elle le fait, ses all\u00e9gations de violence ou de manque de capacit\u00e9 parentale du p\u00e8re ne sont pas cr\u00e9dibles. <\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. Si la m\u00e8re agit de mani\u00e8re unilat\u00e9rale (par exemple, en d\u00e9m\u00e9nageant avec l’enfant ou en refusant de permettre des contacts p\u00e8re-enfant), elle est s\u00e9v\u00e8rement jug\u00e9e et m\u00eame punie. Si elle va plut\u00f4t en cour, les positions qu\u2019elle avance sont consid\u00e9r\u00e9es comme des preuves d’hostilit\u00e9 ou d’ali\u00e9nation, m\u00eame en l’absence de d\u00e9nigrement du p\u00e8re.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Que fait le l\u2019ANFD pour combattre ce probl\u00e8me ?\u00a0<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n

    Mettre fin aux violences faites aux femmes fait partie des priorit\u00e9s de l\u2019ANFD, et l’une de nous strat\u00e9gies pour y parvenir consiste \u00e0 combattre l’utilisation de la th\u00e9orie de l’\u00ab\u202fali\u00e9nation parentale\u202f\u00bb contre les m\u00e8res. En d\u00e9cembre, nous avons soumis un m\u00e9moire au Haut-Commissariat des Nations Unies aux droits de l\u2019homme. Notre m\u00e9moire explique que le probl\u00e8me des accusations d’\u00ab\u202fali\u00e9nation parentale\u202f\u00bb est encore plus \u00e9tendu qu’il n’y para\u00eet, et que cette th\u00e9orie est d\u00e9sormais extr\u00eamement r\u00e9pandue dans les cas de garde ou de protection de la jeunesse, entra\u00eenant des cons\u00e9quences dangereuses. Pour aborder ce probl\u00e8me, nous proposons une approche qui combine la ceinture et les bretelles\u202f: il faut \u00e0 la fois pr\u00e9venir les accusations et les constats d\u2019\u00ab\u202fali\u00e9nation parentale\u202f\u00bb<\/span>, <\/span>et am\u00e9liorer la r\u00e9ponse du syst\u00e8me judiciaire \u00e0 la violence familiale de fa\u00e7on g\u00e9n\u00e9rale.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Vous pouvez lire notre m\u00e9moire complet ici. Celui-ci n\u2019est disponible qu\u2019en anglais, la langue de notre soumission.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n

    NAWL brief Addressing intimate partner violence and parental alienation accusations<\/a>T\u00e9l\u00e9charger ce document (PDF)<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Les m\u00e8res qui ont subi des violences conjugales sont souvent accus\u00e9es d\u2019\u00eatre \u00ab\u202fali\u00e9nantes\u202f\u00bb devant les tribunaux de la famille. En d\u00e9cembre 2022, l\u2019Association nationale Femmes et Droit a soumis un m\u00e9moire au Haut-Commissariat des Nations Unies aux droits de l\u2019homme pour lutter contre ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne. Vingt-huit organisations canadiennes ont appuy\u00e9 notre soumission!\u00a0 Quel est le probl\u00e8me avec les accusations d’ali\u00e9nation … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"rs_blank_template":"","rs_page_bg_color":"","slide_template_v7":"","_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[873,1196,1197],"tags":[147,400],"class_list":["post-17223","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-publications","category-droit-de-la-famille","category-violence-faite-aux-femmes","tag-divorce-act","tag-family-violence","no-post-thumbnail"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nL\u2019ANFD s\u2019oppose au bl\u00e2me des victimes | National Association of Women and the Law<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nawl.ca\/fr\/lanfd-soppose-au-blame-des-victimes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L\u2019ANFD s\u2019oppose au bl\u00e2me des victimes | National Association of Women and the Law\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Les m\u00e8res qui ont subi des violences conjugales sont souvent accus\u00e9es d\u2019\u00eatre \u00ab\u202fali\u00e9nantes\u202f\u00bb devant les tribunaux de la famille. 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